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Home video game console

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File:Suomen Pelimuseo 2.jpg

A collection of home video game consoles, arranged in chronological order from bottom to top, at The Finnish Museum of Games, Tampere

Template:VG history

A home video game console is a video game console that is designed to be connected to a display device, such as a television, and an external power source as to play video games. While initial consoles were dedicated units with only a few games fixed into the electronic circuits of the system, most consoles since support the use of swappable game media, either through game cartridges, optical discs, or through digital distribution to internal storage.

There have been numerous home video game consoles since the first commercial unit, the Magnavox Odyssey in 1972. Historically these consoles have been grouped into generations lasting each about six years based on common technical specifications. As of 2025, there have been ten console generations, with the current leading manufacturers being Sony, Microsoft, and Nintendo, colloquially known as the "Big 3". Past console manufacturers have included Atari, Fairchild, Mattel, Coleco, Sega, NEC, 3DO, Fujitsu and SNK.

Overview[]

Main article: Video game console

A home video game console is a pre- designed piece of electronic hardware that is meant to be placed at a fixed location at one's home, connected to a display like a television screen or computer monitor, and to an external power source, to play video games on using one or more video game controllers. This differs from a handheld game console which will have a built-in screen, controller buttons/features, and a power supply like a battery or battery pack.

Earlier home consoles were typically built from a selection of standard and highly customized integrated computer chips, packaged onto circuit boards and cases. Over time, home console design has converged to a degree with personal computers, using similar component and system design, including standardization with main computer chip architecture. Consoles remain as fixed systems, lacking the customization options that personal computer components have, and most consoles include customized components to maximize space and reduce power consumption to provide the best performance for game playing, while lowering costs with reduced storage and memory configurations.[1]

Home video game consoles typically can play a multitude of games, offered either as game cartridges (or ROM cartridges), on optical media like CD-ROM or DVD, or obtained by digital distribution. Early consoles, also considered dedicated consoles, had games that were fixed in the electronic circuitry of the hardware. Some facets may be controlled by switching external controls on the console but the games could not be changed themselves.

Most home consoles require a separate game controller, and may support multiple controllers for multiplayer games. Some console games can only be played with special, unconventional game controllers, such as light guns for rail shooters and guitar controllers for music games. Some consoles also possess the ability to connect and interface with a particular handheld game system, which certain games can leverage to provide alternate control schemes, second screen gameplay elements, exclusive unlockable content or the ability to transfer certain game data.

History[]

Main article: History of video game consoles

The first commercial video game console was the Magnavox Odyssey, developed by a team led by Ralph H. Baer and released commercially in 1972. It was shortly followed by the release of the home version of Pong by Atari Inc. in 1975 based on the arcade game. A number of clones of both systems rushed to fill the nascent home console market and the video game industry suffered a small recession in 1977 due to this.

The Fairchild Channel F, released in 1976, was the first console to use game cartridges, which was then used by the Atari VCS and several other consoles of the second generation and led to a second boom in the video game industry in the United States and around the globe. During this time, Atari Inc. had been sold to Warner Communications, and several programmers left the company and founded Activision, becoming the first third-party developer. Activision's success led to a rush of new developers creating games without any publishing controls for these systems. The market became flooded with games, and combined with the rising popularity of the personal computer and the economic recession of the early 1980s, led to the video game crash of 1983 in the U.S. market. Nintendo, which had released its Family Computer console in Japan that year, took several cautionary steps to limit game production to only licensed games, and was able to introduce it, rebranded as the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) in 1985 into the U.S. market. The NES helped to revive the console market and gave Nintendo dominance during the late 1980s.

Sega took advantage of the newfound U.S. growth to market its Sega Genesis against the Super Nintendo Entertainment System in the early 1990s in the so-called "console wars" and emphasized the notion of "bits" as a major selling point for consumers. The consumer adoption of optical discs with larger storage capacity in the mid-1995 led many console manufactures to move away from cartridges to CD-ROMs and later to DVDs and other formats, with Sony's PlayStation line introducing even more features that gave it an advantage in the market; the PlayStation 2, released in 2000, remains the best-selling console to date with over 155 million units sold. Microsoft, fearing that the PlayStation 2 was threatening the competitive edge of the personal computer, entered the console space with its Xbox line in 2001. Internet connectivity had become commonplace by the mid-2000s, and nearly all home consoles supported digital distribution and online service offerings by the 2010s.

With Sony and Microsoft's dominance in hardware capabilities, most other major manufacturers have since dropped out of the hardware business, but maintain a presence in the game development and licensing space. Nintendo remains the only competitor having taken a blue ocean strategy by offering more original console concepts such as motion sensing in the Wii and the hybrid design of the Nintendo Switch.

Within the home video game console market, the leading consoles have often been grouped into generations, consoles that were major competitors in the marketplace. There have been nine generations of consoles since the 1970s, with a new generation appearing about every five years. Home video game console generations

List of home video game consoles[]

There are more than 1000 home video game consoles known to exist, the vast majority of which were released during the first generation: only Template:Table row counter home video game consoles were released between the second and current generation, Template:Table row counter were canceled.[lower-alpha 1] This list is divided into console generations which are named based on the dominant console type of the era, though not all consoles of those eras are of the same type. Some eras are referred to based on how many bits a major console could process. The "128-bit era" (sixth generation) was the final era in which this practice was widespread.

This list only counts the first iteration of each console's hardware, because several systems have had slim, enhanced or other hardware revisions, but they are not individually listed here. The list also includes unreleased systems. If a series of home video game consoles begins in a generation and lasts to another generation, it is listed in the generation the series began. This list does not claim to be complete.

This list does not include other types of video game consoles such as handheld game consoles, which are usually of lower computational power than home consoles due to their smaller size; microconsoles, which are usually low-cost Android-based devices that rely on downloading; retro style consoles; or dedicated consoles past the first generation, which have games built in and do not use any form of physical media. Consoles have been redesigned from time to time to improve their market appeal. Redesigned models are not listed on their own.

The list omits the more than 900 home video game consoles known to have been released in the first generation of video game consoles, those that were generally game consoles for a single dedicated game, such as home Pong consoles. Documented consoles of this generation can be found at list of first generation home video game consoles.

Released systems[]

Name Release date Manufacturer Units sold CPU "Bits"
Fairchild Channel F Template:Dts Fairchild (U.S.) Template:Sort Fairchild F8 8-bit (CPU)
RCA Studio II Template:Dts RCA (U.S.) Template:Sort RCA 1802 8-bit (CPU)
Bally Astrocade Template:Dts Midway (U.S.) ? Zilog Z80 8-bit (CPU)
Atari 2600 Template:Dts Atari Inc. (U.S.) Template:Sort[2] MOS Technology 6507 8-bit (CPU)
APF-MP1000 Template:Dts APF (U.S.) Template:Sort Motorola 6800 8-bit (CPU)
Champion 2711 Template:Dts Unisonic (U.S.) ? General Instrument CP1610 16-bit (CPU)
Interton VC 4000 Interton (Germany) ? Signetics 2650A 8-bit (CPU)
Palladium Tele-Cassetten Game Palladium (Germany) ?
1292 Advanced Programmable Video System Audiosonic ? Signetics 2650AI 8-bit (CPU)
Magnavox Odyssey 2 Template:Dts Magnavox (U.S.) / Philips (Netherlands) ? Intel 8048 8-bit (CPU)
APF Imagination Machine Template:Dts APF (U.S.) ? Motorola 6800 8-bit (CPU)
Bandai Super Vision 8000 Bandai (Japan) ? NEC D780C 8-bit (CPU)
Intellivision Template:Dts Mattel Electronics (U.S.) Template:Sort General Instrument CP1610 16-bit (CPU)
VTech CreatiVision Template:Dts VTech (Hong Kong) ? Rockwell 6502 8-bit (CPU)
Epoch Cassette Vision Template:Dts Epoch (Japan) Template:Sort NEC uPD77xx ?
Arcadia 2001 and its variants and clones Template:Dts (Arcadia 2001) Emerson Radio (U.S.) ? Signetics 2650 8-bit (CPU)
SHG Black Point 1982 Süddeutsche Elektro-Hausgeräte GmbH & Co. KG (Germany) ? ? ?
ColecoVision Template:Dts Coleco (U.S.) Template:Sort Zilog Z80 8-bit (CPU)
Atari 5200 Template:Dts Atari Inc. (U.S.) Template:Sort MOS 6502C @ 1.79 MHz 8-bit (CPU)
Vectrex Template:Dts GCE/Milton Bradley Company (U.S.) ? Motorola MC68A09 8-bit/16-bit (CPU)
Compact Vision TV Boy Template:Dts Gakken (Japan) Motorola MC6801 8-bit (CPU)
Videopac+ G7400[lower-alpha 2] Template:Dts Philips (Netherlands) ? Intel 8048 @ 5.91 MHz 8-bit
My Vision Nichibutsu (Japan) ? ?
Pyuuta Jr. Template:Dts Tomy (Japan) TMS9995 16-bit
Sega SG-1000 Template:Dts Sega (Japan) Template:Sort Zilog Z80 @ 3.58 MHz 8-bit
NES/Family Computer (Famicom) Nintendo (Japan) Template:Sort Ricoh 2A03 processor (MOS Technology 6502 core) @1.79 MHz 8-bit
PV-1000 Template:Dts Casio (Japan) ? Z80A clocked at 3.579 MHz 8-bit
Epoch Super Cassette Vision Template:Dts Epoch (Japan) Template:Sort NEC PD7801G 8-bit (CPU)
Bridge Companion Template:Dts BBC/Heber (UK) ? Zilog Z80 8-bit
Video Art LJN (U.S.) Thompson EF6805 (Motorola 6800-based) ?
Zemmix Daewoo Electronics (South Korea) Zilog Z80 8-bit
Sega Mark III/Master System Template:Dts Sega (Japan), Tec Toy (Brazil) Template:Sort Zilog Z80 @ 4 MHz 8-bit
Family Computer Disk System[lower-alpha 3] Template:Dts Nintendo (Japan) Template:Sort Ricoh 2A03 processor (MOS Technology 6502 core) @1.79 MHz 8-bit
Videosmarts[3] Template:Dts Connor Electronics (U.S.) (1986–1988), VTech (Hong Kong) (1989–1990) ? ? ?
Atari 7800 Template:Dts Atari Corporation (U.S.) Atari SALLY 8-bit
Atari XEGS Template:Dts Atari Corporation (U.S.) Template:Sort MOS Technology 6502C
Video Challenger Tomy/Bandai (Japan) ? ?
Action Max Worlds of Wonder (U.S.) HD401010 8-bit
View-Master Interactive Vision Template:Dts View-Master Ideal Group, Inc. (U.S.) ?
Terebikko Bandai (Japan) ?
VTech Socrates VTech (Hong Kong) Zilog Z80A 8-bit (CPU)
Video Driver Template:Dts[4] Sega (Japan) ?
Amstrad GX4000 Template:Dts Amstrad (UK) Template:Sort Zilog Z80 @ 4 MHz 8-bit
Commodore 64 Games System Template:Dts Commodore (Canada) Template:Sort MOS Technology 8500 @ 0.985 MHz
PC Engine/TurboGrafx-16 Template:Dts NEC/Hudson Soft (Japan) Template:Sort Hudson Soft HuC6280 16-bit (8-bit CPU, 16-bit graphics)
Sega Genesis/Mega Drive Template:Dts Sega (Japan) Template:Sort Motorola 68000 @ 7.6 MHz, Zilog Z80 @ 3.58 MHz 16-bit (16/32 bit processor, 16 bit graphics)
TurboGrafx-CD/CD-ROM² Template:Dts NEC (Japan) Template:Sort ? 16-bit (8-bit processor, 16-bit graphics)
PC Engine2/SuperGrafx Template:Dts NEC (Japan) Template:Sort Hudson Soft HuC6280 16-bit (8-bit CPU, 16-bit graphics)
Neo-Geo AES Template:Dts SNK (Japan) Template:Sort Motorola 68000 @ 12 MHz, Zilog Z80A @ 4 MHz 24-bit (16/32 bit processor, 24 bit graphics)
Super NES/Super Famicom Template:Dts Nintendo (Japan) Template:Sort Ricoh 5A22 @ 3.58 MHz 16-bit
Commodore CDTV Template:Dts Commodore (Canada) Template:Sort Motorola 68000 @ 7 MHz 16-bit
CD-i Template:Dts Various Template:Sort Philips SCC68070 @ 15.5 MHz 16-bit (could be upgraded to 32-bit)
Sega CD/Mega CD Template:Dts Sega (Japan) Template:Sort Motorola 68000 @ 12.5 MHz 16-bit (16/32 bit processor, 16 bit graphics)
Memorex VIS Template:Dts Memorex/Tandy Corp (U.S.) Template:Sort Intel 80286 @ 12 MHz 16-bit
Sega Pico Template:Dts Sega/Majesco Entertainment (Japan) Template:Sort Motorola 68000 @ 7.6 MHz, Zilog Z80 @ 3.58 MHz 16-bit
Picno 1992[5] Konami(Japan) ? ? ?
Pioneer LaserActive Template:Dts Pioneer Corporation (Japan) Template:Sort ?
Neo-Geo CD[lower-alpha 4] Template:Dts SNK (Japan) Template:Sort Motorola 68000 @ 12 MHz, Zilog Z80 @ 4 MHz 16-bit
Satellaview Template:Dts Nintendo (Japan) Template:Sort ? 16-bit
Super A'Can Template:Dts Funtech (Taiwan) ? Motorola 68000 @ 10.738635 MHz
FM Towns Marty Template:Dts Fujitsu (Japan) Template:Sort AMD 386SX at 16 MHz 32-bit
Amiga CD32 Template:Dts Commodore (Canada) Template:Sort Motorola 68EC020@ 14.18 MHz (PAL) 14.32 MHz (NTSC)
3DO Interactive Multiplayer Template:Dts Panasonic/Sanyo (Japan) GoldStar (South Korea) The 3DO Company (United States) Template:Sort RISC CPU ARM60 based on ARM architecture @ 12.5 MHz
Atari Jaguar Template:Dts Atari Corporation (U.S.) Template:Sort[6][7] Motorola 68000 @ 13.295 MHz, Custom 32-bit graphics RISC "Tom" @ 26.59 MHz, Custom 32-bit sound RISC "Jerry" @ 26.59 MHz 64-bit (64-bit graphics, 32-bit processor)
CPS Changer Template:Dts Capcom (Japan) ? Motorola 68000 @ 10 MHz 16-bit
Playdia Template:Dts Bandai (Japan) Toshiba TMP87C800F 8-bit
Sega 32X Template:Dts Sega (Japan) Template:Sort 2 × SH-2 32-bit RISC @ 23 MHz 32-bit
Sega Saturn Template:Dts Sega (Japan) Template:Sort 2× Hitachi SH-2 @ 28.6 MHz 32-bit
Sony PlayStation Template:Dts Sony (Japan) Template:Sort R3000 @ 33.8688 MHz 32-bit
PC-FX Template:Dts NEC (Japan) Template:Sort NEC V810 32-bit
Apple Bandai Pippin Template:Dts Bandai (Japan)/Apple Inc. (U.S.) Template:Sort PowerPC 603 RISC (66 MHz)
Atari Jaguar CD Template:Dts Atari Corporation (U.S.) ? ? 64-bit (uses Jaguar processors)
Casio Loopy Template:Dts Casio (Japan) RISC SH-1 (SH7021) 32-bit
Nintendo 64 Template:Dts Nintendo (Japan) Template:Sort NEC VR4300 @ 93.75 MHz 64-bit
Dreamcast Template:Dts Sega (Japan) Template:Sort Hitachi SH-4 32-bit RISC @ 200 MHz 128-bit (32-bit processor, 128-bit graphics)
Nintendo 64DD Template:Dts Nintendo (Japan) Template:Sort ? 32-bit co-processor (uses 64-bit N64 processor as main processor)
Nuon Template:Dts VM Labs (U.S.) Motorola/RCA (United States) Samsung (South Korea) Toshiba (Japan) Template:Sort Nuon MPE hybrid stack processor 128-bit (SIMD)
PlayStation 2 Template:Dts Sony (Japan) Template:Sort Emotion Engine @ 294.912 MHz (launch), 299 MHz (newer models) 128-bit (SIMD)
GameCube Template:Dts Nintendo (Japan) Template:Sort IBM PowerPC Gekko @ 486 MHz 32-bit (CPU)

128-bit (SIMD)

Xbox Template:Dts Microsoft (U.S.) Template:Sort Custom 733 MHz Intel Pentium III "Coppermine-based" processor 32-bit (CPU)

128-bit (SIMD)

DVD Kids 2002 3-Plus (Iceland)[8] ? ? ?
Xavix PORT Template:Dts SSD COMPANY LIMITED (Japan) 8-bit,16-bit and 32-bit (depending on game cartridge)
V.Smile Template:Dts VTech (Hong Kong) ? Sunplus SPG2xx 16-bit
Advanced Pico Beena Template:Dts Sega (Japan) Template:Sort ARM7TDMI clocked at 81 MHz 32-bit (CPU)
V.Smile Baby Infant Development System Template:Dts VTech (Hong Kong) ? ? 128-bit
Game Wave Family Entertainment System Template:Dts ZAPiT (Canada) Template:Sort[9] Mediamatics 8611
Xbox 360 Template:Dts Microsoft (U.S.) Template:Sort[10][11][12][13] Big-endian architecture 3.2 GHz PowerPC Tri-Core Xenon 64-bit CPU

128-bit extensions

V.Flash Template:Dts VTech (Hong Kong) ? ARM-9 32-bit
HyperScan Template:Dts Mattel (U.S.) Template:Sort Sunplus SPG290 32-bit
PlayStation 3 Template:Dts Sony (Japan) Template:Sort[14] 3.2 GHz Cell Broadband Engine with 1 PPE & 7 SPEs 64-bit CPU with set of 128-bit registers
Wii Template:Dts Nintendo (Japan) Template:Sort(as of December 31, 2016)[15] PowerPC 750-based IBM PowerPC "Broadway" @ 729 MHz; 2.9 GFLOPS 32-bit (CPU)
EVO Smart Console November 20, 2008 Envizions (U..S.) Template:Sort AMD 64x2 @ 2.9 GHz 64-bit (CPU)
Zeebo Template:Dts Zeebo Inc. (U.S.) / TecToy (Brazil) ? ARM11 / QDSP-5 in Qualcomm MSM SoC running at 528 MHz[16] 32-bit (CPU)
CT510 April 29, 2012 eedoo ? Unknown dual core at 1.8 GHz
Wii U Template:Dts Nintendo (Japan) Template:Sort[17] PowerPC 750-based 1.24 GHz Tri-Core IBM PowerPC "Espresso" 32-bit (CPU)
PlayStation 4 Template:Dts Sony (Japan) Template:Sort[18] Semi-custom 8-core AMD x86-64 Jaguar 1.6 GHz CPU (integrated into APU) 64-bit (CPU)
Xbox One Template:Dts Microsoft (U.S.) Template:Sort[19][lower-alpha 5] Custom 1.75 GHz AMD 8-core APU (2 quad-core Jaguar modules) 64-bit (CPU)
Nintendo Switch[lower-alpha 6] Template:Dts Nintendo (Japan) Template:Sort[24] Octa-core (4×ARM Cortex-A57 & 4×ARM Cortex-A53) @ 1.020 GHz 64-bit (CPU)
Xbox Series X/S Template:Dts Microsoft (U.S.) Template:Sort[25][lower-alpha 5]
  • Custom 8-core AMD Zen 2;
  • Series X: 3.8 GHz, 3.6 GHz with SMT[26]
  • Series S: 3.6 GHz, 3.4 GHz with SMT[27]
 64-bit (CPU)
PlayStation 5 Template:Dts Sony (Japan) Template:Sort[28] Custom 8-core AMD Zen 2, variable frequency, up to 3.5 GHz[29] 64-bit (CPU)
Atari VCS June 10, 2021[30] Atari, Inc. (U.S.) Template:Sort 14 nm AMD R1606G Zen processor with 2 cores and 4 threads @ 2.6 GHz (up to 3.5 GHz) 64-bit (CPU)
Polymega September 12, 2021 Playmaji, Inc (U.S.) ? Unknown Intel Coffee Lake 64-bit (CPU)
Evercade VS December, 2021 Blaze Entertainment (UK) ? Unknown ARM Cortex-A7 4-core at 1.5 GHz 32-bit (CPU)

Unreleased systems[]

Name Release date Manufacturer CPU "Bits"
Intellivision Amico TBA Intellivision Entertainment Octa-core Snapdragon 624 @ 1.8 GHz[31][32][33] x86 (64/32-bit)
KFConsole TBA Cooler Master/KFC U.K./Ireland Asus RTX 2070 Intel Nuc 9 Extreme Compute Element 2 Seagate Barracuda 1TB SSDs[34] x86 (64/32-bit)
Nintendo Switch 2 TBA Nintendo (Japan) ? 64-bit (CPU)

Canceled systems[]

Name Release date Manufacturer CPU "Bits"
Atari Game Brain cancelled (supposed to be released in June 1978) Atari (U.S.) ? ?
Atari 2700 cancelled (supposed to be released in 1981) Atari, Inc. (U.S.) MOS Technology 6507 8-bit (CPU)
Video Arcade System Template:Dtscancelled (supposed to be released in 1983) Ultravision (U.S.) ? ?
RDI Halcyon[lower-alpha 7] Template:Dtscancelled (supposed to be released in January 1985) RDI Video Systems (U.S.) Zilog Z80 8-bit (CPU)
Control-Vision Template:Dtscancelled (supposed to be released in 1989) Digital Pictures & Hasbro (U.S.) ? ?
Krokha[35][lower-alpha 8] Template:Dtscancelled Template:Interlanguage link(Russia) K580VM80A 2 MHz ?
Konix Multisystem Template:Dtscancelled (supposed to be released in August 1989) Konix (UK) Intel 8086 based processor 16-bit (CPU)
Atari Panther Template:Dtscancelled (supposed to be released in 1991) Atari Corporation (U.S.) Motorola 68000 32-bit
WOWOW[36] Template:Dtscancelled (supposed to be released in 1992) Taito (Japan) Motorola 68000 16-bit / 32-bit (CPU)
SNES-CD Template:Dtscancelled (development stopped in 1993) Nintendo (Japan) ? 16-bit
Sega Neptune cancelled (supposed to be released in Fall 1995) Sega (Japan) ? 32-bit
L600 cancelled (development stopped in April 2001) Indrema (U.S.) x86 @ 600 MHz 32-bit
Panasonic M2 cancelled (supposed to be released in 1997) Panasonic (Japan) Dual PowerPC 602 Processors @ 66 MHz 64-bit (dual 32-bit)
Phantom cancelled (supposed to be released in September 2005) Phantom (U.S.) ? ?
Chameleon cancelled (supposed to be released in 2016) Coleco Holdings Retro ? ?

See also[]

  • List of best-selling game consoles
  • List of game controllers
  • List of video game console emulators
  • Lists of video game consoles
    • List of dedicated video game consoles
    • List of handheld game consoles
    • List of microconsoles
    • List of retro style video game consoles
    • Lists of video games

Notes[]

  1. ↑ This number is always up to date by this script.
  2. ↑ The Videopac+ G7400 was planned to be released in America as the Odyssey³ Command Center, with a different case design, but it never occurred, although some prototypes exist.
  3. ↑ Add-on to Famicom - Japan only.
  4. ↑ SNK created the Neo Geo CD as a much cheaper alternative to the AES, lowering the price of games considerably, from ≈300$ to ≈50$ . It's essentially an AES console with a media format change from cartridges to CDs, placing it in the fourth generation.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Starting with Microsoft's fiscal quarter ending June 2014 (Q4), the company stopped divulging individual platform sales in their fiscal reports and subsequent Xbox sales are based on industry estimates.[20][21][22][23]
  6. ↑ The Nintendo Switch was released during this period, but has been referred to as a hybrid video game console, combining features of home and handheld systems. This is why the Switch appears in both the list of home video game consoles and the list of handheld game consoles.
  7. ↑ Although fully developed, functional, and with 2 games ready, the few Halcyon units that exist were handmade for investors of the company to try out the product, it is not believed that it ever went into full production or entered the market at all. Less than 12 main control units (Halcyon 200LD, the console itself) are known to exist, but more Halcyon branded Laserdisc players (LD-700, made by Pioneer) exist.Template:Fix/category[citation needed]
  8. ↑ The Krokha (Template:Langx) was a Soviet console that was ready to launch in 1990, but production halted, only one game was made, and the approximately 200 consoles were given out to employees of the factory that manufactured it.[35]

References[]

  1. ↑ Edwards, Benj (August 26, 2016). "Son of PC: The History of x86 Game Consoles". PC Magazine. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
  2. ↑ Template:Cite press release
  3. ↑ "Connor VideoSmarts, ComputerSmarts, and VideoPhone (partially lost VHS-based and cartridge-based edutainment games; 1986-1990) - The Lost Media Wiki". lostmediawiki.com. Retrieved August 1, 2020.
  4. ↑ "Family Driver by Sega – The Video Game Kraken". Retrieved August 3, 2020.
  5. ↑ "Picno by Konami – The Video Game Kraken". Retrieved August 1, 2020.
  6. ↑ Blake Snow (May 4, 2007). "The 10 Worst-Selling Consoles of All Time". GamePro.com. Archived from the original on September 5, 2008. Retrieved October 20, 2018.
  7. ↑ "EDGAR Pro". google.brand.edgar-online.com. Archived from the original on February 25, 2021. Retrieved June 26, 2021.
  8. ↑ Numérique, Planète (January 27, 2021). "DVD Kids : une télécommandes et des jeux intéractifs pour jeunes enfant en DVD-Video signé Berchet !". Planète Numérique. Retrieved January 27, 2021.
  9. ↑ "VP Final - MP4". YouTube. December 20, 2008. Retrieved August 14, 2012.
  10. ↑ "Earnings Release FY13 Q4". Microsoft. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
  11. ↑ "Earnings Release FY14 Q1". Microsoft. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
  12. ↑ "Earnings Release FY14 Q2". Microsoft. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
  13. ↑ "Earnings Release FY14 Q3". Microsoft. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
  14. ↑ Template:Cite press release
  15. ↑ "IR Information: Sales Data - Hardware and Software Sales Units". Nintendo Co., Ltd. December 31, 2016. Retrieved January 31, 2017.
  16. ↑ Tectoy, Qualcomm Aim Emerging Video Game Markets with Zeebo. Zeebo Presents Gaming For The Next Billion Template:Webarchive // XBit Labs, Anton Shilov, March 23, 2009
  17. ↑ "IR Information: Sales Data - Hardware and Software Sales Units". Nintendo Co., Ltd. Retrieved February 10, 2017.
  18. ↑ Star, Gunz (March 31, 2021). "Cumulative Worldwide Hardware Unit Sales (Sell-in)". www.sie.com.
  19. ↑ "Xbox One Sales Reportedly Pass 41 Million as PS4 Nears 100 Million". January 27, 2019.
  20. ↑ "Earnings Release FY14 Q3". Microsoft. April 24, 2014. Retrieved April 24, 2014. Microsoft sold in 2.0 million Xbox console units, including 1.2 million Xbox One consoles.
  21. ↑ "Earnings Release FY14 Q4". Microsoft. July 22, 2014. Retrieved August 13, 2014. We sold in 1.1 million consoles in the fourth quarter, as we drew down channel inventory, compared to 1.0 million consoles during the prior year.
  22. ↑ Futter, Mike (October 22, 2015). "[Update] Microsoft Will Focus Primarily On Xbox Live Usership, Not Console Shipments". Game Informer. Archived from the original on October 24, 2015. Retrieved October 22, 2015.
  23. ↑ "Microsoft Annual Meeting of Shareholders". Microsoft. December 3, 2014. Retrieved January 31, 2015. Finally, our gaming business is thriving with the Xbox One hitting 10 million units sold. I am thrilled to welcome Mojang and Minecraft community to Microsoft.
  24. ↑ "Nintendo Switch Has Now Sold Over 107 Million Units". Nintendo Life. May 10, 2022. Retrieved May 24, 2022.
  25. ↑ Makuch, Eddie (October 27, 2021). "Xbox Series X|S Sales Reach 8 Million, Game Pass Climbs Above 20 Million - Analyst". GameSpot. Retrieved October 27, 2021.
  26. ↑ Hood, Vic; Pino, Nick; June 2021, Adam Vjestica 01 (August 25, 2021). "Xbox Series X review". TechRadar.
  27. ↑ "Xbox Series S specs list". September 8, 2020.
  28. ↑ "Supplemental Information for the Consolidated Financial Results for the Second Quarter Ended September 30, 2024" (PDF). [sony.com]]. November 27, 2024.
  29. ↑ "PS5 review". September 22, 2021.
  30. ↑ "Atari returns with the new Atari VCS on 10 June". Retrieved December 7, 2021.
  31. ↑ "Amico Tech Specs — Intellivision Entertainment". Intellivision Entertainment. Retrieved January 7, 2020.
  32. ↑ "Meet Amico - Hardware Design". Intellivision Entertainment. October 10, 2020. Retrieved October 11, 2020.
  33. ↑ Machkovech, Sam (June 29, 2021). "What the heck's an Intellivision Amico? Console's leaky dev portal offers hints". Ars Technica. Retrieved July 6, 2021.
  34. ↑ Mlot, Stephanie. "Does Your PS5 Include a Built-In Chicken Warmer? The KFConsole Does". PC Mag. Retrieved July 3, 2024.
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 "Archived copy". Archived from the original on February 20, 2020. Retrieved February 20, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  36. ↑ "Wowow: The 1990s Taito Console That Never Was". Den of Geek. August 12, 2015. Retrieved August 1, 2020.

Template:Home video game consoles Template:Video game consoles Template:Video game platforms

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